⏱️ 10 min read
When deciding between steel frame and wood frame construction, there is more at stake than just material choice. Construction speed, durability, efficiency, sustainability, cost, and even aesthetics come into play - especially in a world where modern construction methods are reshaping how we design and build.
At Howick, we have spent nearly 50 years pioneering roll-forming technology for steel framing, helping architects, builders, and developers create precision structures that can be built faster, safer and more sustainably.
Here’s a closer look at the steel frame vs. wood frame debate—and how our solutions at Howick empower you to make the right call.
Steel framing advantages: Offers superior strength-to-weight ratio, precision, durability, resistance to fire, pests, and extreme weather, and significantly reduces construction waste and long-term maintenance costs.
Wood framing benefits: Generally has lower initial costs, provides natural insulation, uses familiar construction methods, and, when responsibly sourced, can be renewable—though it requires higher ongoing maintenance.
Cost considerations: Steel has higher upfront material costs but is more economical long-term due to efficiency, speed of construction, and minimal maintenance compared to wood.
Environmental impact: Steel framing is highly recyclable (88% recycling rate in the U.S.), while wood can contribute to deforestation if improperly sourced; steel framing is environmentally advantageous in the long-term due to durability and recyclability.
Recommendation: Steel framing, especially using automated roll-forming methods like Howick's, is recommended for projects prioritising speed, reduced waste, structural integrity, and lower lifecycle costs, while wood framing may still be suitable for smaller, more traditional projects.
Steel frames stand out for their exceptional strength-to-weight ratio, making them ideal for many construction projects, especially larger or taller structures—even in challenging climates. Unlike wood, steel doesn’t warp, shrink, or rot, and it offers superb resistance to pests and fire.
“Steel framing is about more than just stronger buildings; it’s about building smarter. The precision and resilience of steel perfectly aligns with modern construction methods, allowing projects to be completed more efficiently and create less waste.”
— Nick Coubray, CEO of Howick
At Howick, our FRAMA™ range of roll-forming machines produce light gauge steel (LGS) components with near-microscopic accuracy, reducing onsite rework and labour. In fact, the Steel Framing Industry Association cites that light gauge steel framing can reduce construction waste by up to 10 times compared to traditional timber framing. [Source: SFA_Framing_Guide_07.pdf]
From earthquakes to hurricanes, steel framing generally delivers better performance under extreme weather conditions.
According to the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI), steel is 100% recyclable and has the highest recycling rate of any material on the planet, with approximately 88% of steel in the U.S. being recycled. This endless recyclability helps reduce the overall carbon footprint of construction projects
Wood is often seen as carrying a lower initial price tag. Indeed, for some smaller residential builds—particularly in regions where lumber is locally sourced—wood frames can be a practical option. Also, the material does not require specialised equipment to assemble.
Wood naturally insulates, which can contribute to a comfortable interior climate. Also, many contractors have decades of experience working with timber, so there is no learning curve and adaptions to building processes are less involved than for those new to modern steel framing systems.
Responsibly harvested timber can be considered a renewable resource. Builders who source certified lumber from well-managed forests often highlight the lower embodied energy needed to produce the material. However, deforestation, pest vulnerability, landfill waste, and frequent maintenance required with timber offset some of these benefits.
“Many builders ask about the ‘sticker price’ of steel vs. wood,” explains Nick. “But when you factor in vastly less waste, faster build times, and fewer call-backs, steel framing proves to be highly efficient —and it’s even more cost-effective in the long run.”
When dealing with mid and high-rise buildings, seismic zones, or simply wanting the peace of mind that comes from robust, long-lasting structural components, steel frames overshadow wood.
By combining steel framing with offsite prefabrication—it’s easier than ever to deliver consistent, high-quality frames that are installed rapidly once they arrive on the job site.
Steel frames are prized for wide-open layouts with minimal load-bearing walls. This versatility translates into expansive interior spaces and bold architectural expressions—ideal for commercial and industrial projects. The FRAMA™ range can be adapted to produce everything from studs to intricate truss systems, letting architects push design boundaries without sacrificing structural integrity.
Wood frames shine in projects that emphasise natural aesthetics in spaces with smaller footprints, such as single-family homes or cottages. They are also considered easier for crews already skilled in traditional framing. However, large or complex designs typically require engineered wood beams or additional support structures, possibly removing any advantage.
Steel: Generally minimal. Regular inspections and occasional protective coatings (if needed) keep steel frames in top shape for decades.
Wood: Prone to moisture damage, insect infestations, and warping, requiring periodic sealing, painting, or structural reinforcement.
For property owners keen on low upkeep, steel wins out. A building constructed with precision-made Howick frames typically needs very few repairs—translating to significant savings over the building’s life cycle.
There’s no one-size-fits-all answer, but the following guidelines can help:
Multi-unit sites, and mid to large, multi-level buildings: Steel framing is often the go-to where ease, strength, efficiency and speed win out.
One-off single-family homes or small builds: Wood framing can suffice, although more builders are discovering the benefits of light gauge steel for custom homes, too.
If speed, reduced waste, and minimal rework are key, an automated steel-framing approach—like using the X-TENDA™ 3600—can dramatically streamline construction.
If immediate upfront material costs must be kept low, and local codes or design don’t demand steel’s higher load capacity, wood remains an option.
Builders aiming for higher LEED or Green Building standards may lean toward steel’s recyclability and durability.
Sustainably sourced wood is still a contender but verify certification and consider the building’s lifespan.
Hurricane or seismic zones often recommend or mandate steel for added safety.
Traditional neighbourhoods or heritage sites may encourage wood for aesthetic conformity, though steel can be cladded to replicate various appearances.
“It’s not about forcing every project to adopt steel frames,” says Nick. “It’s about helping builders see how modern steel framing solutions—especially those optimised with roll-forming—can solve real construction challenges. The best projects find a balance between design vision, budget realities, and long-term performance.
For further reading on the benefits of steel framing, check out our article on the reasons why light gauge steel outperforms timber for modern construction.
At Howick, we believe in empowering builders with cutting-edge roll-forming technology that redefines how structures come together—faster, smarter, and stronger. If you’re considering shifting from wood to steel, or simply want to explore how automated roll-forming machines can enhance your current steel framing process, we’re here to help.
Choosing between steel frame vs. wood frame ultimately hinges on factors like project scope, climate, budget, and sustainability goals. While wood retains a firm place in residential builds, steel framing—especially when powered by Howick roll-forming innovation—offers unparalleled strength, design freedom, and long-term savings.
Get in touch to discover how Howick can help you build better buildings—smarter, faster, and more profitably.
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March 2025 #Features